Journal «Angiology and Vascular Surgery» • 

2004 • VOLUME 10 • №4

ACUTE DISORDERS OF MESENTERIC CIRCULATIONS: THE ETIOLOGY, RISK FACTORS AND INCIDENCE OF LESIONS

A.A. Baeshko, S.A. Klimuk, V.A. Yushkevich
Belorussian State Medical University, Hospital of Emergency medical Assistance,
Minsk, Belarus

Acute disorder of mesenteric circulation (ADMC) is an emergency pathology of the abdominal organs. It occurs in 0.2% of general surgery patients. A total of 346 patients with verified (before, during operation and/or on autopsy) diagnosis of ADMC were analyzed retrospectively. There were 217 (62.7%) women and 129 (37.3%) men. The mean age of the patients was 68.4±3.6 years. In 50.7% of patients, ADMC was induced by thrombosis of the unpaired visceral branches of the abdominal aorta, in 29.1% – by embolism of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA), in 7.8% – by thrombosis of the portomesenteric bed, in 7.5% by – non-occlusion mesenteric ischemia (NOMI), and in 4.9% by diseases of the parietal vessels of the bowel. The most prevalent risk factors of ADMC were: atherosclerosis of the aorta and its branches, previous reconstructions for occlusion-stenotic arterial lesions, episodes of arterial embolism in the anamnesis, congenital and acquired hemostatic disorders, oral contraception, thromboses of the deep veins and/or pulmonary embolism in the anamnesis, operations on the abdominal organs, different types of acute end chronic heart failure.

In SMA thrombosis, occlusion most frequently affects the orifice (93.5%) and initial segment of the great vessel, In embolism it occurs before or at the level of the middle colic artery (in 57.9%). Disseminated bowel necroses are more frequently encountered in occlusions of the arterial bed (87.7% in thromboses and 83.3% emdolism) than in the venous system (8.3%).

KEY WORDS: acute disorder of mesenteric circulation, thrombosis, embolism.

P. 99

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